A squat is probably the simplest leg exercise that can be done anywhere without any equipment. Here is what you do. Stand straight with legs shoulder width apart as shown below. This works the frontal quad or the front part of the leg.
Here is another variation where you open your legs wider as shown below. You can go even wider. The exercise is more effective if you hold a weight while squatting. This targets the glutes and hamstring instead of the front part of the leg.
This final position is where you keep you legs together (guys might find it hard to do this, for obvious reasons ;)). This works the inner + front part of your thigh.
Now go down keeping your back straight and hands forward as shown below. You can put your hands anywhere as long as it help you keep the balance. Try not to bend forward too much. Go down till your thighs are parallel to the floor. Hold for a second and come back up. You can keep you feet straight but keeping them pointed slightly outwards gives you better balance and engaged more muscles.
If you are a beginner, you don't have to go down so that your thigh is parallel to the floor. Stop earlier, but make sure that you keep trying to go lower in each workout till you get there.
There are a lot more variations of squats, but for now, perfect the standard squat and then try the harder versions.
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